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This article participates on the following special index pages:
Health Crisis - Focus on Cholera and Anthrax - Index of articles
Zimbabwe
Complex Emergency Situation Report #10, FY 2009
USAID / DCHA
September 30, 2009
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Background
Humanitarian
conditions for most Zimbabweans remain difficult due to the country's
economic crisis, limited access to basic services, the effects of
HIV and AIDS, poorly maintained infrastructure, political instability,
and violence.
Although health
authorities recorded the last reported case in the 2008/2009 cholera
outbreak in early July, cholera remains a concern as humanitarian
organizations have noted the potential for a renewed outbreak during
the coming rainy season. Previous Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ) policies
and corruption, as well as a decade of economic decline characterized
by hyperinflation and high unemployment, have resulted in poor infrastructure
for agricultural production, water and sanitation, and power generation.
On February
11, 2009, the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF)
and Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) implemented the September
2008 Global Political Agreement, forming a transitional government.
However, tensions remain regarding ongoing police detentions of
political activists, appointments to government posts, negotiations
to draft a new constitution, and ongoing farm seizures, which disrupt
agricultural production and lead to internal displacement.
On October 6,
2008, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., Katherine S. Dhanani
reissued a disaster declaration in Zimbabwe due to the complex emergency.
On December 16, the U.S. Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., declared
a disaster due to the effects of the cholera outbreak. From mid-December
2008 through early April 2009, a USAID/OFDA Disaster Assistance
Response Team (USAID/DART) based in Zimbabwe identified humanitarian
needs resulting from the cholera outbreak, evaluated response effectiveness,
conducted field assessments, and participated in U.N. cluster meetings.
In FY 2009, the U.S. Government (USG) provided more than $201 million
for health, protection, disaster risk reduction, agriculture and
food security, economic recovery and market systems, humanitarian
coordination and information management, local and regional food
procurement and distribution, and water, sanitation, and hygiene
(WASH) programs in Zimbabwe, as well as emergency relief supplies
and food assistance.
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