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This article participates on the following special index pages:
Health Crisis - Focus on Cholera and Anthrax - Index of articles
Zimbabwe
Complex Emergency Situation Report #9, FY 2009
USAID / DCHA
August 26, 2009
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Background
Humanitarian
conditions for most Zimbabweans remain difficult due to the country's
economic crisis, limited access to basic services, the effects of
HIV and AIDS, poorly maintained infrastructure, political instability,
and violence. Although health authorities recorded the last reported
case in the 2008/2009 cholera outbreak in early July, cholera remains
a concern as humanitarian organizations have noted the potential
for a renewed outbreak during the coming rainy season. Previous
Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ) policies and corruption, as well as
a decade of economic decline characterized by hyperinflation and
high unemployment, have resulted in poor infrastructure for agricultural
production, water and sanitation, and power generation.
On February
11, 2009, the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF)
and Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) implemented the September
2008 Global Political Agreement, forming a transitional government.
However, tensions remain regarding ongoing police detentions of
political activists, appointments to government posts, negotiations
to draft a new constitution, and ongoing farm seizures, which disrupt
agricultural production and lead to internal displacement.
On October 6,
2008, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., Katherine S. Dhanani
reissued a disaster declaration in Zimbabwe due to the complex emergency.
On December 16, the U.S. Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., declared
a disaster due to the effects of the cholera outbreak. From mid-December
2008 through early April 2009, a USAID/OFDA Disaster Assistance
Response Team (USAID/DART) based in Zimbabwe identified humanitarian
needs resulting from the cholera outbreak, evaluated response effectiveness,
conducted field assessments, and participated in U.N. cluster meetings.
To date in FY 2009, the U.S. Government (USG) has provided more
than $201 million for health, protection, disaster risk reduction,
agriculture and food security, economic recovery and market systems,
humanitarian coordination and information management, local and
regional food procurement and distribution, and water, sanitation,
and hygiene (WASH) programs in Zimbabwe, as well as emergency relief
supplies and food assistance.
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