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This article participates on the following special index pages:
Health Crisis - Focus on Cholera and Anthrax - Index of articles
Zimbabwe
Complex Emergency Situation Report #5, FY 2009
USAID / DCHA
April 14, 2009
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Background
Conditions for
most Zimbabweans remain difficult due to the country's economic
crisis, limited access to basic social services, the effects of
HIV/AIDS, poorly maintained infrastructure, political instability,
and violence. While declining in scope nationwide, cholera remains
a potential concern due to the possibility of recurring localized
outbreaks. Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) policies and corruption
and a decade of economic decline, characterized by hyperinflation
and high unemployment, have resulted in insufficient maintenance
of the infrastructure required for adequate agricultural production,
water and sanitation, power generation, and fuel supply. While food
security in Zimbabwe has improved since January 2009, food security
remains precarious as a result of poor governance, fluctuating global
food prices, drought, and low crop production due to lack of access
to seeds and fertilizer.
On January 30,
2009, the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic
Front (ZANU-PF) and opposition Movement for Democratic Change
(MDC) agreed to implement the September 2008 power-sharing agreement,
and MDC ministers joined the government on February 13. On March
3, GOZ Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai appointed Deputy Prime Minister
Thokozani Khupe to the new post of humanitarian coordinator in the
Office of the Prime Minister to help coordinate the GOZ response
to the country's ongoing humanitarian crisis. In early April,
ZANU-PF and MDC announced a 100-day plan to resolve ongoing
inter-party tensions regarding power-sharing.
On October 6,
2008, U.S. Chargé d'Affaires a.i. Katherine S. Dhanani
reissued a disaster declaration in Zimbabwe due to the complex emergency.
On December 16, the U.S. Chargé d'Affaires a.i. declared
a disaster due to the effects of the cholera outbreak. Activated
in mid-December, a USAID/OFDA Disaster Assistance Response Team
(USAID/DART) based in Zimbabwe identified humanitarian needs resulting
from the cholera outbreak, evaluated response effectiveness, conducted
field assessments, and participated in U.N. cluster meetings. To
date in FY 2009, the U.S. Government has provided nearly $112 million
for health, protection, disaster risk reduction, agriculture and
food security, humanitarian coordination and information management,
local and regional food procurement and distribution, and water,
sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs in Zimbabwe, as well as
emergency relief supplies and emergency food assistance.
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