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Zimbabwe 2007 - Mid Year Review
United Nations
July 2007

http://ochadms.unog.ch/quickplace/cap/main.nsf/h_Index/MYR_2007_Zimbabwe

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Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP)

The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

• strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP);
• resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal);
• coordinated programme implementation;
• joint monitoring and evaluation;
• revision, if necessary; and
• reporting on results.

The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements:

• a common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place;
• an assessment of needs;
• best, worst, and most likely scenarios;
• stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where;
• a clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals;
• prioritised response plans; and
• a framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.

The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters strike, a Flash Appeal. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organization for Migration, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host Governments and donors, should be consulted.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is to be presented to donors in July 2007.

Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts

In sum, the CAP works to provide people in need the best available protection and assistance, on time.

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

Table I: Summary of Requirements and Funding- By Sector
Table II: Summary of Requirements and Funding - By Appealing
Table III: Summary of Requirements and Funding - By Emergency Relief vs. Transitional Support

2. Changes in the context and humanitarian needs

3. Review of the common humanitarian action plan

3.1 Summary
3.1.1 Impact of funding levels on chap implementation

3.2 Scenarios

3.3 Strategic priorities

3.4 Response plans
3.4.1 agriculture
3.4.2 coordination and support services
3.4.3 education
3.4.4 food
3.4.5 health
3.4.6 nutrition
3.4.7 multi-sector
3.4.7.1 cross-border mobility and irregular migration
3.4.7.2 mobile and vulnerable populations
3.4.7.3 the ngo joint initiative for urban zimbabwe
3.4.7.4 refugees
3.4.8 protection/human rights/rule of law
3.4.8.1 protection
3.4.8.2 child protection
3.4.9 security
3.4.10 shelter and non-food items
3.4.11 sustainable livelihoods at the community level
3.4.12 water and sanitation

4. Funding and projects

5. Conclusion

Annex i. Additional funding tables
Annex ii. Acronyms and abbreviations

1. Executive summary

The organisations participating in the Mid-Year Review of the 2007 CAP expect that the humanitarian situation in Zimbabwe will continue to deteriorate in the second half of 2007, particularly for vulnerable households in drought-hit areas. The political situation remains tense as the President of South Africa mediates negotiations between the Government and the two factions of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). Although nothing on the scale of 2005's Operation Murambatsvina/Operation Restore Order has taken place, sporadic evictions have occurred. The threat of forced eviction remained ever-present for many informal traders and people living in unauthorised dwellings in urban areas, making them among the most vulnerable in society.

Every sector has reported either constant or growing humanitarian needs. Food security and health are two areas where trends are particularly worrying. Food insecurity has sharply increased following poor rainfall in parts of the country. Some estimates have forecast that crop failures and economic constraints will leave 2.1 million people with food shortages by the third quarter of 2007. Urban vulnerability to climatic shocks, such as drought, is growing, adding an additional concern for humanitarian actors as urban agriculture is an increasingly important coping mechanism for households faced with rising inflation and stagnant wages.

The health sector has experienced a continued decline, with strikes by doctors and nurses continuing into 2007, and recorded shortages of essential drugs. Access to safe water and basic sanitation continued to deteriorate as a result of the general economic decline, eroded institutional and community capacity, persistent droughts, and the effects of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Accelerating inflation continues to erode people's purchasing power. According to the Central Statistics Office, inflation had risen to 4,530% in May, compared to 1,593% in January 2007. Poverty levels have increased considerably as a result.

The 'dual focus' on relief and transitional support remains unchanged. In this context, priorities for the next six months will be to save lives, enhance positive coping mechanisms and livelihoods, mitigate the impact on vulnerable populations, and ensure a comprehensive and coordinated response from national and international actors. However, the relative absence of comprehensive inter-agency assessments places limitations on planning and response, meaning that further revisions of humanitarian priorities may happen once ongoing assessments, including the Zimbabwe Food Security and Nutrition Assessment, are completed.

Following this Mid-Year Review, the 2007 CAP has a revised total requirement of $253 million. As of 12 July a total of $122 million has been contributed, leaving unmet requirements of $131 million. The majority of the funding received so far has been for the food sector, with 91% of requirements funded.

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