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Census
2012 - Preliminary report
Zimbabwe National
Statistics Agency (ZIMSTATS)
December 20, 2012
http://www.zimstat.co.zw/
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1 Introduction
Census taking
in Zimbabwe began as early as 1901 but was confined to the non-
African population. The first enumeration of the whole population
was done in 1961/62 and then in 1969. However, in these two censuses
the African and non-African populations were enumerated at different
times and using different questionnaires. The 1982 Census was the
first census with a single reference period and the same questionnaire
for the whole population.
After the 2002
Census, a number of population related or demographic surveys were
undertaken within the framework of the Zimbabwe National Household
Survey Capability Programme. These surveys include the 2005-2006
and 2010-2011 Demographic and Health Surveys and the 2007 and 2008
Inter-Censal Demographic Surveys.
1.1
Census Objectives and Procedures
The main objectives
of a census are:
- to provide
current information on demographic and related socio-economic
characteristics of the population at national and sub-national
levels. Such information facilitates effective planning and evaluation
of development programmes;
- to provide
and maintain a time series of demographic data at national and
sub-national levels. These data enhance appraisal of the past,
assessment of the present and estimation of future trends;
- to develop
the national capabilities to produce, coordinate and disseminate
relevant, accurate and timely statistics to meet the information
needs of various users;
- to improve
the capability to advise other users and producers of statistics;
and
- to develop
and maintain an efficient sampling frame for surveys.
1.2
Initial Preparations
Preparations
for the 2012 Census began in 2007 and one of the major preparatory
activities for the 2012 Census was conducting of the 2007 Inter-Censal
Demographic Survey which also acted as a pilot survey for the 2012
census.
1.3
Methodology
1.3.1
The de facto Concept
A population
census can be taken either on a de facto or de jure basis. The latter
involves enumerating people at their place of usual residence. The
2012 census however, was conducted on a de facto basis, relating
to the night of the17th of August. This means that all those people
who spent the night of the 17th /18th of August in Zimbabwe were
counted, irrespective of their citizenship, nationality or residence
status. Consequently, Zimbabweans who were out of the country on
the census night were not counted.
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